This page provides the published sources that were used in development of this website. Almost all are technical articles from scientific papers, but a few are aimed at a more general audience. Many are available via the internet.
What do we mean by extinction?
Bambach, R.K., 2006. Phanerozoic biodiversity mass extinctions. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 34, pp. 127–155.
Barnosky, A.D., Matzke, N., Tomiya, S., Wogan, G.O.U., et al. 2011. Has the Earth’s sixth mass extinction already arrived? Nature, v. 270, pp. 51–57.
Dunn, R.R. 2005. Modern insect extinctions, the neglected majority. Conservation Biology, v. 19, pp. 1030–1036.
Harris, G. and Pimm, S.L. 2008. Range size and extinction risk in forest birds. Conservation Biology, v. 22, pp. 163–171.
Payne, J.L. and Finnegan, S. 2007. The effect of geographic range on extinction risk during background and mass extinction. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 104, pp. 10506–10511.
Pimm, S.L., Jones, H.L., and Diamond, J. 1988. On the risk of extinction. American Naturalist, v. 132, pp. 757–758.
Mass extinctions and minor mass extinctions
Bambach, R.K., 2006. Phanerozoic biodiversity mass extinctions. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 34, pp. 127–155.
Barnosky, A.D., Matzke, N., Tomiya, S., Wogan, G.O.U., et al. 2011. Has the Earth’s sixth mass extinction already arrived? Nature, v. 270, pp. 51–57.
End-Ordovician Extinction
Sheehan, P.M. 2001. The Late Ordovician mass extinction. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 29, pp. 331–364.
Brenchley, P.J., Carden, G.A., Hints, L., et al. 2003. High-resolution stable isotope stratigraphy of Upper Ordovician sequences: constraints on the timing of bioevents and environmental changes associated with mass extinction and glaciation. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, v. 115, pp. 89–104.
Rong, J-Y., Boucot, A.J., Harper, D.A.T., Zhan, R-B. and Neuman, R.B. 2006. Global analysis of brachiopod faunas through the Ordovician and Silurian transition: reducing the role of the Lazarus effect. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 43, pp. 23–39.
Late Devonian extinctions
Copper, P., 2002. Reef development at the Frasnian/Famennian mass extinction boundary.Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 181, pp. 27–65.
Feist, R. 1991. The Late Devonian trilobite crises. Historical Biology, v. 5, pp. 197–214.
End-Permian Extinction
Payne, J.L, and Clapham, M.E. 2012. End-Permian mass extinction in the oceans: an ancient analogue for the twenty-first century?Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 40, pp. 89–111.
End-Cretaceous Extinctions
Schulte, P., Alegret, L., Arenillas, I., Arz, J.A., et al. 2010. The Chicxulub asteroid impact and mass extinction at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary. Science, v. 327, pp. 1214–1218.
Schulte, P., Archibald, D.J., Courtillot, V., Keller, G., et al., 2010. Comment and reply on “The Chicxulub asteroid impact and mass extinction at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary”. Science, v. 328, pp. 973–976.
Pleistocene Extinctions
Barnosky, A.D., and Lindsay, E.L. 2010. Timing of Quaternary megafaunal extinction in South America in relation to human arrival and climate change. Quaternary International, v. 217, pp. 10–29.
Firestone, R.B., West, A., Kennett, J.P., et al. 2007. Evidence for an extraterrestrial impact 12,900 years ago that contributed to the megafaunal extinctions and the Younger Dryas cooling. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 104, pp. 16016–16021.
Koch, Pl. L., and Barnosky, A.D. 2006. Late Quaternary extinctions: state of the debate. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, v. 37. pp. 215–250.
McGlone, M. 2012. The hunters did it. Science, v. 335, pp. 1452–1453.
Schiermeier, Q. 2010. River reveals chilling tracks of ancient flood. Nature, v. 464, pp. 657.
Teller, J. 2012. Importance of freshwater injections into the Arctic Ocean in triggering the Younger Dryas cooling. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 109, pp. 19880–19881.
Extinctions on islands
Diamond, J. 2000. Blitzkrieg against the moas. Science, v. 287, p. 2170–2171.
Elliot, G.P., Merton, D.V. and Jansen, P.W. 2001. Intensive management of a critically endangered species: the kakapo. Biological Conservation, v. 99, pp. 121–133.
Holdaway, R.N. and Jacomb, C. 2000. Rapid extinction of the moas (Aves: Dinornithformes): model, tests and implications. Science, v. 287, p. 2250–2254.
McGlone, M.S. 1989. The Polynesian settlement of New Zealand in relation to environmental and biotic changes. New Zealand Journal of Ecology, v. 12, p. 115–129.
McWethy, D.B., Whiclock, C, Wilmshurst, J.M., et al. 2010. Rapid landscape transformation in South Island, New Zealand, following initial Polynesian settlement. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 107, p. 21343–21348.
Towns, D.R., Parrish, G.R., Tyrrell, C.L., et al. 2007. Responses of Tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus) to removal of introduced Pacific rats from islands. Conservation Biology, v. 21 pp. 1021–1031.
Wood, J.R., Rawlence N.J., Rogers, G.M., et al. 2009. Coprolite deposits reveal the diet and ecology of the extinct megaherbivore moa (Aves, Dinornithiformes). Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 27, p. 2593–2602.
Introduced species
Avery, M.L., Engeman, R.M., Keacher, K.L., et al., 2010. Cold weather and the potential range of invasive Burmese pythons. Biological Invasions, v. 12, pp. 3649–3652.
Dorcas, M.E., Willson, J.D., Reed, R.N., et al. 2012. Severe mammal declines coincide with proliferation of invasive Burmese pythons in Everglades National Park. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 109, pp. 2418–2422.
Mackie, G.L. and Schloesser, D.W. 1996. Comparative biology of zebra mussels in Europe and North America: an overview. American Zoologist, v. 36. pp. 244–258.
Mazotti, F.J., Cherkiss, M.S., Hart, K.M., et al. 2011. Cold-induced mortality of invasive Burmese pythons in South Florida. Biological Invasions, v. 13, 143–151.
Reed, R.N., and Rodda, G.H. 2009. Giant constrictors: biological and management profiles, and an establishment risk assessment for nine large species of pythons, anacondas and the Boa Constrictor.US Geological Survey Open File Report 2009–1202, 323 p.
Ricciardi, A., Neves, R.J. and Rasmussen,J.B. 1998. Impending extinctions of North American freshwater mussels (Unionoida) following the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) invasion. Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 67, pp. 613–619.
Strayer, D.L. 2009. Twenty years of zebra mussels: lessons from the mollusk that made headlines.Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, v. 7, pp. 135–141.
Habitat Alteration
Bradshaw, C.J.A., Sodhi, N.S. and Brook, B.W. 2009. Tropical turmoil: a biodiversity tragedy in progress.Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, v. 7, pp. 79–87.
Fitzhubert, E.B., Struebig, M.J., Morel, A., et al. 2008. How will oil palm expansion affect biodiversity?Trends in Ecology and Evolution, v. 23, pp. 538–545.
Koh, L.P. and Wilcove, D.S. 2008. Is oil palm agriculture really destroying tropical biodiversity?Conservation Letters, v. 1, pp. 60-64.
Sodhi, N. S., Koh, L.P., Brook, B.W. and Ng, P.K.L. 2004. Southeast Asian biodiversity: and impending disaster. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, v. 19, pp. 654–660.
Williams, N. 2007. Orang-utan extinction threat shortens. Current Biology, v. 17, pp. R261.
Overexploitation
Bucher, E.H. 1992. The causes of the extinction of the passenger pigeon. Current Ornithology, v. 9, pp. 1–36.
Ellesworth, J.W. and McComb, B.C. 2003. Potential effects of passenger pigeon flocks on the structure and composition of presettlement forests of eastern North America. Conservation Biology, v. 17, pp. 1548–1558.
Johnson, K.P., Clayton, D.H., Dumbacher, J.P. and Fleischer, R.C. 2010. The flight of the passenger pigeon: phylogenetics and biogeographic history of an extinct species. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, v. 57, pp. 455–458.
Turvey, S.T. and Risley, C.L. 2006. Modeling the extinction of Steller’s sea cow. Biology Letters, v. 2, pp. 94–97.
